Early diagnosis of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery and prediction of noninvasive renal blood flow and oxygen metabolism monitoring / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery(CSA-AKI) is the most common complication after cardiac surgery. Monitoring, early diagnosis of CSA-AKI and timely intervention are of the great significance to reduce the incidence of CSA-AKI and improve the prognosis of patients. This article mainly reviews the diagnostic criteria of CSA-AKI, new biomarkers of renal injury and the application value of non-invasive renal blood flow and oxygen metabolism monitoring in the early diagnosis of CSA-AKI, in order to provide a basis for early clinical prediction and diagnosis of CSA-AKI through the understanding of early diagnosis and related non-invasive monitoring of CSA-AKI, so as to carry out effective intervention and improve the prognosis of patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Extrapulmonary manifestations and pathogenesis of adenovirus infection in children / 国际儿科学杂志

Human adenovirus(HAdV)is a double-stranded DNA virus with multiple serotypes.Owing to their genetic heterogeneity, HAdVs display broad tissue tropism and can infect several organs or tissues.Besides the most common respiratory system, different types of HAdV can enter into multi-tissue and cells of the whole body through different receptors and mechanisms, directly destroy the host cells and also trigger immune response that course further damages.Then a variety of extrapulmonary manifestations would appear, such as gastroenteritis, encephalitis, myocarditis, hemorrhagic cystitis, hemophagocytosis and conjunctivitis, which seriously threaten the health of children.

Systematic review of transfusion strategies for cardiac surgery / 生物医学工程学杂志

This paper is aimed to assess the effects of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion on clinical outcomes in cardiac surgery. Trials were identified by computer searches of the Pubmed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library (Issue 10, 2012), from January 1980 to October 2012. References in identified trials and review articles were checked and experts contacted to identify any additional trials. The homogeneous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were analyzed with RevMan 5.1 software. Five trials involving a total of 1,203 patients were identified. The results of meta-analyses showed that restrictive transfusion strategies reduced the risk of receiving a RBC transfusion (MD = - 1.46, 95% CI -1.18(-) -1.1) and the volume of RBCs transfusion (RR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.53-0.89). No significant difference was noted between the two strategies in terms of mortality, adverse events and hospital or intensive care length of stay. Based on the results mentioned above, one can draw a conclusion that restrictive transfusion strategies reduced the risk of receiving RBC transfusion and the volume of RBCs transfused. Restrictive transfusion strategies did not appear to impact on the rate of adverse events and hospital or intensive care length of stay, compared to liberal transfusion strategies.

Cariporide pretreatment attenuated warm ischemia/reperfusion injury in an isolated rat lung: a study on antioxidative mechanism / 生物医学工程学杂志

This experimental study was designed to explore the possible mechanisms of Cariporide, a kind of Na+/H+ exchanger inhibitor, for protecting the lung from warm ischemia/reperfusion injury (WI/RI) of isolated rat lung model. Thirty isolated rat lungs were established on the Langendorff apparatus and randomly divided to three groups (n = 10, each): control group (C group), ischemia/reperfusion group (IR group) and Cariporide group (CP group). Mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) and peak airway pressure (pAwP) were monitored continuously. At the end of reperfusion, right bronchoalveolar lavage was performed, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) recovery rate (BALFRR) was recorded, and protein content in BALF was measured. Lung water content (LWC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)of left lung tissue were measured; histomorphology evaluation was performed under light microscope and transmission electron microscope. In comparison with the data from IR group, BALF protein concentration, LWC, MDA content and MPAP content of reperfusion were significantly decreased, but SOD activity was increased in CP group. Histomorphologic feature also showed that pathological change significantly reduced in CP group. In this rat WI/RI model, the mechanism by which the selective Na+/H+ exchanger inhibitor (Cariporide) attenuates lipid peroxidation induced by WI/IR may be: preventing Ca2+ overload via inhibiting the transport of Na+/H2 exchanger-1 (NHE1) in the context of the coupled exchanger, thereby reducing the activation of xanthine oxidase pathway and oxygen free radical liberation which is dependent on certain intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and lastly promoting the endogenous antioxidative mechanism.

Design and preliminary experiment of an intelligentized physiologic pulsatile flow cardiac support system / 生物医学工程学杂志

A patent cardiac support system which is used as a bridge treatment for acute myocardial infarction has been designed and tested in vitro and in two dogs in vivo. This is an easy-to-use intelligentized pulsatile flow cardiopulmonary bypass device to replace the function of heart. The device consists of two identical pumps and perfusion chambers, a sensing and control system, a gas exchanger between the vein and pump, two one way valves between pump and veins or arteries. Arterial pressure and EKG feedback mechanisms are used for maintaining blood pressure and coordinating the pumping activity with heart contraction. A prototype of the device was built to perform hydraulic in vitro tests with aims of verifying the new device's pumping behavior. Functional evaluation of the device was carried out by using it in a model circuit made with standard CPB components plus a mock hydraulic pipeline. This system demonstrated easy manipulation, good controllability, and provided a 65+/-2ml x beat(-1) flow volume. There was a linear correlation between peak pressure value and pulsatile frequency. In the two in vivo experiments, the primary objective was to determine whether the device could work well in dog, whether physiologic pulsatility could be achieved and whether the blood supply to heart should be sufficient during asystole status by drugs. The results suggest that all the goals have been achieved.

Effect of Ornidazol on acute pericoronitis of wisdom tooth / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Ornidazol on acute pericoronitis of wisdom tooth (PWT).Methods125 patients with PWT were randomly divided into the experiment group (63 cases, treated with Ornidazol) and control group (62 cases, treated with Metronidazole). The curative effect was observed when teeth extracted.ResultsThe effective rate of the experiment group was 95.2%, that of control group was 82.2%. There was a significant difference between two groups (P<0.05).ConclusionOrnidazol has an obvious effect on acute PWT.

Study on the relation between iodine nutrition of pregnant women in different occasions and thyroid function of their neonates / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study iodine nutrition of pregnant women in different occasions and thyroid function of their neonates.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Urinary iodine of pregnant women and their serum T(3), T(4), FT(3), FT(4) were determined by chloric acid-digestion thermostatic assay and RIA, TSH determination by IRMA; neonatal umbilical cord blood TSH was determined by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Median urinary iodine of pregnant women were 206.3 microg/L, 161.4 microg/L, 203.3 microg/L at 10 - 14 (first occasion), 23 - 27 (second occasion) and 39 - 40 (third occasion) week but the percentage that lower than 100 microg/L were 14.6%, 17.1%, 11.1% respectively. Serum T(3), T(4) of pregnant women was significantly higher than those women of premarital health inspection (PHIW, P < 0.001). The difference of serum T(3), T(4) of pregnant women at 10 - 14 and 39 - 40 week was not significant. Serum FT(3), FT(4) of pregnant women at 39 - 40 week were 2.61 +/- 0.47 pmol/L and 5.50 +/- 1.57 pmol/L respectively. The difference of serum TSH concentration at third occasion and first occasion of pre-pregnancy was significant but the difference of TSH frequency distribution in three groups was not significant (chi(2) = 1.138, P > 0.5). Blood TSH median neonatal umbilical cord was 1.99 mU/L but the percentage that higher than 5 mU/L was 9.4%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>For those areas with high iodized salt coverage, pregnant women had had sufficient iodine supplement and good thyroid function. The percentage of neonates from iodine sufficient pregnant women with TSH > 5 mU/L was lower than 10%. Using the normal range of nonpregnant FT(3) and FT(4) to estimate the thyroid function of pregnant women could cause mis diagnosis.</p>